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We interact with computers by entering instructions and data
into them. After the information has been processed (обрабатывать), we can see the results (i.e. the output) on the visual display unit (VDU — устройство виртуального отображения) or the monitor. In this interactive process with the computer, the screen plays an important part.
The pictures and the characters (символы) we see on the screen are made up of picture elements which are also called pixels. The total number of pixels the display is divided in (both horizontally and vertically) is known as resolution. When the number of pixels is very large, we obtain a high resolution display and therefore a sharp image. If the number of pixels is small, a low resolution is obtained. Thus, pixel density or resolution affects the quality of the image: a larger number of pixels gives a much clearer image.
The cathode ray tube of the monitor is very similar to that of a TV set. Inside the tube there is an electron beam which scans the screen and turns on or off the pixels that make up the image. The beam appears in the top left corner, and scans the screen from left to right in a continuous sequence, similar to the movement of our eyes when we read, but much faster. This sequence is repeated 50, 60 or 75 times per second, depending on the system.
In a colour monitor, the screen surface is coated (покрывать) with substances called phosphors. Three different phosphor materials are used — one each for red, green and blue. A beam of electrons causes phosphor materials to give coloured light from which
the picture is formed. Colour monitors are capable to display many different colours at the same time.
Portable computers use a flat liquid-crystal display (LCD) instead of a picture tube.

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1. Do we interact with computers by entering instructions and datainto them?2. What is made up of picture elements?3. When is a low resolution obtained?4. Is the cathode ray tube of the monitor very similar to that of a TV set or of a radio set?5. Colour monitors are capable to display many different colours at the same time, aren`t they?