• Письменно ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
    1. What is the first ingredient of any economic system?
    2. What is the traditional managerial structure in America?

    The first ingredient of a nation’s economic system is its natural resources.
    The United States is rich in mineral resources and fertile farm soil, and it is
    blessed with a moderate climate. It also has extensive coastlines on both the
    Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, as well as on the Gulf of Mexico. Rivers flow from
    far within the continent and the Great Lakes- five large, inland lakes along the
    U.S. border with Canada- provide additional shipping access. These extensive
    waterways have helped shape the country’s economic growth over the years and
    helped bind America’s 50 individual states together in a single economic unit.
    The second ingredient is labor, which converts natural resources into
    goods.
    Labor mobility has likewise been important to the capacity of the
    American economy to adapt to changing conditions. When immigrants flooded
    labor markets on the East Coast, many workers moved inland, often to farmland
    waiting to be tilled. Similarly, economic opportunities in industrial, northern
    cities attracted back Americans from southern farms in the first half of the 20 th
    century.
    But natural resources and labor account for only part of an economic
    system. These resources must be organized and directed as efficiently as
    possible. In the American economy, managers, responding to signals from
    markets, perform this function. The traditional managerial structure in America
    is based on a top-down chain of command: authority flows from the chief
    executive in the boardroom, who makes sure that the entire business runs
    smoothly and efficiently, through various lower levels of management
    responsible for coordinating different parts of enterprise, down to the foreman
    on the shop floor. Numerous tasks are divided among different divisions and
    workers. In early 20th-century America, this specialization, or division of labor,
    was said to reflect “scientific management” based on systematic analysis. Many
    enterprises continue to operate with this traditional structure, but others have
    taken changing views on management.

Ответы 1

  • 1 The first ingredient of any economic syste is extencive waterways.2 The traditional managerial structure in Americais based on a top-down chain of command: authority flows from the chiefexecutive in the boardroom, who makes sure that the entire business runssmoothly and efficiently, through various lower levels of managementresponsible for coordinating different parts of enterprise, down to the foremanon the shop floor.
    • Автор:

      walker38
    • 6 лет назад
    • 0
  • Добавить свой ответ

Войти через Google

или

Забыли пароль?

У меня нет аккаунта, я хочу Зарегистрироваться

How much to ban the user?
1 hour 1 day 100 years