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Computers may have a short history but prior to their___, there were many other ways of doing__. These calculations were done using__that are still used__; the slide rule being a perfect__,not to mention the ten fingers of the__,These machines, unlike computers, are non-electronic and were__by faster calculating devices. It wasn't until the mid-1940s that the first digital___was built. The post-war industrial__saw the development of computers take shape. By the 1960s, computers were__than their predecessors and semiconductors__replace vacuum__only to be replaced in a few years by tiny integrated circuit boards. __to microminiaturization in the 1970s,___ circuits were etched onto wafer-thin rectangular piecess of silicon. This integrated circuitry is___as a chip and is used in microcomputers of all___.