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JOHN MUIR: AMERICAN NATURALIST John Muir was an inventor, conservationist, explorer, naturalist, and teacher. He dedicated his life to preserving nature. Born in Scotland on April 21,1838, John was one of eight children. He started school when he was three years old. The Scottish countryside was the perfect playground for John. He watched birds, explored meadows and fields, and climbed the ruins of a nearby castle. His early love for hiking, climbing, and nature followed him throughout his life. In 1849 John’s father decided to move to America. He took John and his two younger children with him. The rest of the family arrived from Scotland nine months later. The Muirs settled in Wisconsin. Pioneer work was very hard for young John. Land had to be cleared, and logs had to be cut and split to make fences. Fields had to be plowed, planted, and harvested. John continued to work on the family farm until he was 22 years old. He then packed his bags, moved to Madison and entered the University of Wisconsin. At the university John studied chemistry, biology, and geology. In the spring of 1864 John set out for Canada. He began a lifelong journey to explore and eventually protect parts of the North American wilderness. On his first journey to California, John was amazed by the beauty he saw. The clear rivers, towering waterfalls, and great variety of plants and wildlife convinced him that California would be his home. While working for a shepherd, John realized that sheep’s hoofed feet damaged the delicate plant life. From these experiences grew John’s love of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. When he saw sheep destroy the wilderness, he became more dedicated to finding a way to save it. He became a famous writer on the Sierras. Through his writings and continuous work, Yosemite Valley was soon protected by the state of California. He found so much destruction of the environment that he sat out to save it. His efforts helped make Yosemite a national park in 1890. By 1892, he formed and became the first president of the Sierra Club. He was a respected consultant on conservation matters from then until 1914, when he died. Choose the right answer.
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