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Grading is a METHOD used in schools to RECORD student achievements. Almost every SCHOOL keeps a record of each student's ACHIEVEMENTS in order to have some basis for measuring his PROGRESS. The record supplies information for REPORTS to parents. Universities and COLLEGES often use this information to help determine whether they should ADMIT a student.
For a long time, the most COMMON method of recording achievement was by PERCENTAGE with a mark, or GRADE of 100 per cent representing PERFECT achievement. The MINIMUM mark for a PASS was usually 70 per cent, and for AVERAGE work, about 80 per cent. Today, the letters A, B, C, D, E, and OCCASIONALLY F, are much more commonly used. The mark A stands for exceptional achievement, and E or F means FAILURE.
A few schools use no MARKING system at all. Instead, each TEACHER writes a detailed LETTER to the parents. Such letters report the student's progress, ATTITUDE, activities, and social ADJUSTMENT.