1. The official name of Great Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2 It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh.London is the capital of England.The capital of Nothern Ireland is Belfast and Cardiff is the capital of Wales. 3 It is situated on the British Isles.4 The surface varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands. All the rest (south, east and centre) is a vast plain which is called the Lowlands.5 The rivers are not long. The most important of them are the Severn, the Thames, the Trent.6 The climate of Great Britain is mild the whole year round.7 The Queen is the head of the state.