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Английский языкАвтор:
anthonyОтвет:
"Come on, hurry up and get in!" your friend yells from inside the elevator that was supposed to take you to the top floor of the department store. "Hmm... I'll take the stairs, see you up there!" you shout back in response. As soon as the doors close, you feel relieved. It's a long way up to the eighth floor, but you don't mind - you'll do anything to avoid the elevator!
If this is you, or perhaps heights turn your legs to jelly, you scream loudly if you see even the tiniest spider in the bathroom or shake like a leaf when called upon in class, you're not alone! In fact, most of us are at least a little afraid of something - bees and wasps, for example, or the dark, or taking exams. Thus, fear is one of the primary human emotions. In fact, we all need to survive. Whenever we encounter danger or feel unsafe, the brain reacts, sending signals to activate the body's nervous system instantaneously. As a result, we may begin to shake or sweat, and our heart starts beating faster to pump more blood to our muscles, getting them ready for action, such as running or fighting. This response is called "fight or flight" and is only turned off when the brain receives enough information to be sure that there is no more danger. It's incredible, but all of this can happen in a matter of seconds!
Needless to say, fear isn't always a good thing! People who have phobias, such as agoraphobia (fear of being in crowded public places like a busy market or bus), claustrophobia (fear of enclosed spaces like elevators and tunnels), arachnophobia (fear of spiders), or even something unusual like Ablutophobia (fear of washing), are always very afraid of something. These fears may develop after a traumatic event. For example, a teenager who was bitten by a dog might start to be very afraid of going to school with his friends if he sees a dog. That's because his brain remembers the "fear he felt when the dog bit him, so now even just the thought of a dog causes the same fear response. This can inhibit his actions, which can cause him to miss out on spending time with his friends, and he may even be teased about it.
Around 5-10% of the population has phobias, but there are ways to combat our fears. First and foremost, it's important to stop avoiding scary situations. This can help to make a list of fears, from small to most significant, and then face them one by one. It won't be easy, but when we see that the worst doesn't happen, it can help us feel more confident in facing our fears in the future. It's also essential to seek professional help if necessary, as phobias can interfere with our daily lives and prevent us from achieving our goals
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