1. I
nputs are the factors of production (land,
labour, capital, materials) that are put into a business to produce goods and
services.
2. When all goods are
normal, lower consumer income reduces the demanded
quantity for all goods.
3. When the Beatles and Rolling Stones first became popular, the demand for
haircuts (стрижка) suddenly
fell.
4. When incomes
rise, the demand for most goods increases. Typically,
consumers
buy more of everything.
5. At any time, the market price may not be the
equilibrium price
leading to excess supply (
surplus) or excess demand (.
shortage).
6. If there is a national food
shortage, a government may
impose a
ceiling price on food so that poor people can buy enough food.
7. Workers in poor countries having no resources for health and education are
often less productive than workers using
the same technology in rich
countries. And without higher productivity it is hard
to increase investment
in people as well as in machinery.
8. Japanese
consumers pay as much as eight world prices for beef
(говядина).